How to Answer
"Never in the agent, never in the prompt.:
- (1)Secret Manager — all credentials stored in GCP Secret Manager, rotated automatically.
- (2)Per-MCP service accounts — each MCP server has its own service account with minimum required permissions.
- (3)Workload Identity Federation — for MCP servers running on GKE/Cloud Run, no static keys at all. Identity is asserted by the platform.
- (4)User-scoped tokens — when the MCP needs to act as the user (e.g., read their Gmail), use OAuth with the user's delegated token, stored per-session, never persisted.
- (5)The LLM never sees credentials — it emits 'I want to call tool X with args Y.' Your dispatcher adds the credentials. Separation of intent from execution."